Site Glossary

The assurance that data, messages, or entities are genuine and originate from the claimed source. Cryptographic authenticity is often provided by digital signatures, certificates, and HMACs (when shared secrets are used).

A feature that automatically adjusts compute capacity based on demand, ensuring performance while optimizing cost.

An isolated data center within a cloud region designed for high availability and fault tolerance.

Azure’s cloud-based identity and access management service providing authentication, single sign-on (SSO), and role-based access control.

Azure’s object storage solution optimized for storing unstructured data such as files, logs, backups, and media.

Microsoft Azure’s Infrastructure-as-a-Service offering that provides scalable virtual servers in the cloud.

BACnet (Building Automation and Control Networks) is a communication protocol for building automation and control systems. It is used to enable communication between devices in HVAC, lighting, access control, and fire detection systems within smart buildings and ICS environments.

The range of frequencies occupied by a signal, typically measured in Hz. Wider bandwidth often supports higher data rates but can be more complex to capture and process. Bandwidth affects receiver configuration, sampling rate, and storage requirements.

bcrypt is a password hashing function designed to be computationally expensive and resistant to brute-force attacks. It includes a built-in salt and a configurable cost factor that controls the work required to compute hashes.

A legal principle generally requiring the original or a reliable duplicate of a recording/document when proving content. In digital cases, forensic images, native exports, provider returns, and documented hashing can support “duplicate” reliability while preserving original evidence.